A Comprehensive Guide to Monitoring Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB

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  • Date: June 10, 2023
  • Time to read: 19 min.

Monitoring a Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB

Introduction to Galera Cluster for MySQL/MariaDB

Welcome to the world of Galera Cluster for MySQL/MariaDB! In this article, we will dive into the exciting realm of high availability database solutions and explore the incredible features that Galera Cluster has to offer.

Galera Cluster is a synchronous multi-master replication solution for MySQL and MariaDB databases. It provides high availability and scalability by allowing multiple database servers to act as a single cluster. With Galera Cluster, you can achieve fault tolerance, data consistency, and automatic node recovery in a distributed database environment.

One of the key advantages of Galera Cluster is its synchronous replication approach, where every transaction is committed on all nodes simultaneously. This ensures that data changes are propagated across the cluster in real-time, maintaining consistency and eliminating the risk of data divergence.

Galera Cluster also supports automatic node provisioning and membership management, making it easy to add or remove nodes from the cluster without interrupting the database operations. This dynamic scalability allows you to scale your database infrastructure effortlessly as your application demands grow.

In addition to its robustness and scalability, Galera Cluster offers excellent performance. It leverages the power of parallel applying of transactions on multiple nodes, significantly reducing the replication lag and enhancing the overall throughput.

Monitoring Galera Cluster is essential to ensure its optimal performance and availability. By monitoring various metrics such as cluster status, replication lag, and resource utilization, you can proactively identify and resolve any issues before they impact your application.

There are several tools available for monitoring Galera Cluster, including the popular ones like Percona Monitoring and Management (PMM), Prometheus, and Grafana. These tools provide comprehensive insights into your cluster’s health and performance, allowing you to make informed decisions and take necessary actions.

In conclusion, Galera Cluster is a powerful and feature-rich solution for achieving high availability and scalability in MySQL and MariaDB databases. With its synchronous replication, automatic node recovery, and dynamic scalability, Galera Cluster empowers you to build robust and reliable database infrastructures. So, if you’re looking for a distributed database solution that can handle your growing application demands, Galera Cluster is definitely worth considering!

Benefits of using Galera Cluster for database monitoring

Galera Cluster is a popular choice for database monitoring due to its numerous benefits. With Galera Cluster, you can ensure high availability, scalability, and improved performance for your MySQL or MariaDB databases.

One of the key benefits of Galera Cluster is its ability to provide real-time and synchronous replication. This means that all changes made to the database are immediately propagated to all cluster nodes, ensuring data consistency across the entire cluster. This synchronous replication also eliminates the need for additional failover mechanisms, as Galera Cluster automatically handles node failures and ensures that the database remains accessible.

Another advantage of Galera Cluster is its built-in load balancing capabilities. By distributing read and write operations across multiple nodes, Galera Cluster can handle high traffic loads and ensure optimal performance. This load balancing feature also helps to prevent bottlenecks and improve overall system stability.

Additionally, Galera Cluster offers seamless online schema changes. You can modify your database schema without any downtime or interruption to the service. This flexibility allows for easier maintenance and updates, ensuring that your database remains up-to-date and accessible to users.

Furthermore, Galera Cluster provides enhanced data protection through automatic data synchronization. In the event of a node failure, the remaining nodes synchronize the data automatically, minimizing the risk of data loss. This built-in redundancy and fault tolerance make Galera Cluster a reliable choice for database monitoring.

To summarize, the benefits of using Galera Cluster for database monitoring include real-time and synchronous replication, load balancing capabilities, seamless online schema changes, and enhanced data protection. By leveraging these features, you can ensure high availability, scalability, and improved performance for your MySQL or MariaDB databases.

BENEFITDESCRIPTION
Improved High AvailabilityGalera Cluster provides synchronous replication, ensuring that data is always consistent across all nodes. This improves high availability and minimizes downtime in case of node failures.
Real-time Data ReplicationGalera Cluster offers real-time data replication, allowing changes made on one node to be instantly propagated to all other nodes. This ensures that all nodes have up-to-date information, providing a real-time view of the database.
ScalabilityWith Galera Cluster, it is easy to scale the database horizontally by adding more nodes to the cluster. This allows for increased performance and capacity as the workload grows.
Automatic Node RecoveryGalera Cluster automatically handles node failures and recovers the failed node without manual intervention. This ensures continuous availability of the database and reduces the impact of node failures.
Load BalancingGalera Cluster supports load balancing, distributing the workload evenly across all nodes in the cluster. This helps in optimizing resource utilization and improving overall performance.
Simplified ManagementGalera Cluster provides a centralized management interface, making it easy to monitor and manage the cluster. It simplifies tasks such as configuration, monitoring, and troubleshooting, reducing administrative overhead.
Multi-master ReplicationGalera Cluster allows for multi-master replication, enabling write operations to be performed on any node in the cluster. This provides flexibility in distributing write traffic and improves performance in write-intensive workloads.
Cross-Datacenter ReplicationGalera Cluster supports cross-datacenter replication, allowing for data to be replicated between geographically distributed clusters. This enables disaster recovery and provides redundancy in case of datacenter failures.

Setting up Galera Cluster for MySQL/MariaDB

Setting up Galera Cluster for MySQL/MariaDB can be a perplexing task, but once implemented, it offers a burst of benefits. Galera Cluster is a synchronous multi-master replication solution that provides high availability and scalability for MySQL/MariaDB databases. In this article, we will guide you through the process of setting up Galera Cluster and making the most of its features.

Before diving into the setup, it’s essential to understand the advantages Galera Cluster brings to the table. With its synchronous replication, Galera ensures that all database nodes are in sync, minimizing the risk of data inconsistency. This feature is particularly useful for applications that require real-time data replication and high availability.

To get started, you need to configure a minimum of three nodes for the Galera Cluster. These nodes will form a cluster that works together to handle database operations. Each node will have its copy of the database, and any changes made on one node will be replicated to the others in real-time.

Setting up Galera Cluster involves several steps, including installing the necessary software, configuring the nodes, and establishing the cluster communication. The installation process may vary depending on your operating system, but detailed documentation and tutorials are available online for assistance.

Once the software is installed, you’ll need to configure the Galera Cluster nodes by editing the configuration files. These files define the cluster’s behavior and provide essential parameters such as the cluster name, IP addresses, and database settings. Make sure to pay attention to these configurations to ensure the cluster operates smoothly.

After configuring the nodes, it’s time to establish the communication between them. Galera Cluster utilizes a built-in mechanism called ‘wsrep’ to handle the replication and synchronization. You’ll need to enable this mechanism and specify the cluster addresses to allow the nodes to connect and share data seamlessly.

Once the Galera Cluster is set up, you can start testing its functionality and performance. It is recommended to simulate various scenarios, such as node failures and network partitions, to verify the cluster’s ability to handle such situations gracefully. Galera Cluster provides automatic node recovery and conflict resolution, ensuring data integrity and minimizing downtime.

In conclusion, setting up Galera Cluster for MySQL/MariaDB is a complex process, but the benefits it brings in terms of high availability and scalability are worth the effort. With synchronous replication and automatic failover, Galera Cluster ensures data consistency and minimizes the risk of downtime. By following the proper installation and configuration steps, you can harness the power of Galera Cluster and enhance your database infrastructure.

Understanding the architecture of Galera Cluster

Understanding the architecture of Galera Cluster can be a perplexing and bursty endeavor, but once grasped, it unlocks a world of possibilities for high availability and scalability in MySQL or MariaDB environments. At its core, Galera Cluster is a synchronous multi-master replication solution that allows for real-time data replication across multiple nodes. Unlike traditional MySQL or MariaDB replication, Galera Cluster enables active-active clustering, where all nodes are writable and capable of handling both read and write requests. This distributed architecture offers increased performance and fault tolerance, as well as automatic data consistency and conflict resolution. With Galera Cluster, you can achieve seamless failover, load balancing, and horizontal scaling without the need for complex sharding or partitioning strategies. Dive into the intricacies of Galera Cluster and unlock the true potential of your MySQL or MariaDB database infrastructure.

Monitoring tools and techniques for Galera Cluster

Monitoring a Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB is crucial to ensure its performance, availability, and reliability. With the right tools and techniques, you can effectively manage and troubleshoot your Galera Cluster and gain valuable insights into its health and status.

One of the popular monitoring tools for Galera Cluster is Percona Monitoring and Management (PMM). PMM provides a comprehensive solution for monitoring and managing Galera Cluster through an easy-to-use web interface. With PMM, you can monitor key metrics such as cluster status, replication lag, node performance, and query response time. It also offers alerting capabilities to notify you about any potential issues or abnormalities.

Another widely used monitoring tool is Prometheus, which is an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit. Prometheus can be integrated with Galera Cluster to collect and store time-series data for metrics and events. You can create custom dashboards and alerts based on your specific monitoring requirements using Prometheus’s flexible query language, PromQL.

In addition to monitoring tools, it’s important to implement specific techniques to ensure the optimal performance of your Galera Cluster. Proper configuration and tuning of Galera settings, such as flow control and IST/DST settings, can significantly impact the cluster’s performance and stability. Regularly monitoring the Galera error log and analyzing the slow query log can help identify and resolve potential issues affecting the cluster’s performance.

Furthermore, implementing a proactive approach to monitoring, such as setting up automated checks and regular performance benchmarks, can help detect any anomalies or performance degradation before they impact your Galera Cluster’s availability.

To summarize, monitoring a Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB requires the right combination of tools and techniques. Utilizing tools like PMM and Prometheus, along with implementing best practices for cluster configuration and proactive monitoring, can help ensure the smooth operation of your Galera Cluster.

METRICDESCRIPTION
CPU UsagePercentage of CPU utilized by the Galera cluster
Memory UsageAmount of memory used by the Galera cluster
Disk SpaceAmount of disk space occupied by the Galera cluster
Network TrafficAmount of network traffic generated by the Galera cluster
Cluster SizeNumber of nodes in the Galera cluster
Cluster StatusCurrent status of the Galera cluster
Replication LagTime delay between data synchronization across cluster nodes
Read/Write OperationsNumber of read/write operations performed on the cluster
Query Execution TimeAverage time taken to execute queries in the Galera cluster
Connection CountNumber of active connections to the Galera cluster
Cache Hit RatioPercentage of queries served from cache
Cluster HealthOverall health status of the Galera cluster
Galera ErrorsNumber of errors encountered by the Galera cluster
Data SizeSize of the data stored in the Galera cluster
Backup SuccessSuccess rate of Galera cluster backups
Node UptimeTime duration since the last node restart

Key metrics to monitor in Galera Cluster

When it comes to monitoring a Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB, there are several key metrics that you should keep a close eye on. These metrics provide valuable insights into the performance and health of your cluster, allowing you to proactively identify and address any potential issues. Here are some of the most important metrics to monitor:

  1. Cluster Size: Monitoring the size of your Galera Cluster is crucial as it indicates the number of nodes that are currently part of the cluster. Sudden changes in cluster size could indicate nodes going offline or network connectivity problems.
  2. Node Status: Each node in the Galera Cluster should be monitored to ensure that it is online and functioning properly. Node status metrics include the node’s state, uptime, and wsrep_local_recv_queue and wsrep_local_send_queue sizes.
  3. Replication Lag: Replication lag measures the delay between the primary node and the other nodes in the cluster. Monitoring replication lag helps you identify if any nodes are falling behind in terms of data synchronization.
  4. Network Traffic: Monitoring the network traffic within the Galera Cluster can help you identify potential bottlenecks or issues related to network connectivity. Monitoring metrics like network bandwidth, packets sent/received, and network errors can provide valuable insights.
  5. Query Performance: Keeping an eye on the query performance metrics helps you identify any slow queries or inefficient queries that could impact the overall performance of your cluster. Metrics like query execution time, query cache hit rate, and query throughput can be monitored.
  6. Disk Usage: Monitoring the disk usage of your Galera Cluster nodes is important to ensure that you have enough storage space available. Monitoring metrics like disk space utilization, disk I/O operations, and disk latency can help you identify potential disk-related issues.

By monitoring these key metrics, you can ensure the optimal performance and availability of your Galera Cluster. Regularly analyzing and interpreting these metrics will help you make informed decisions and take proactive measures to maintain a healthy and efficient cluster.

Best practices for monitoring Galera Cluster performance

Monitoring Galera Cluster performance is crucial for maintaining the optimal operation of your MySQL or MariaDB database environment. Implementing best practices in monitoring can help you identify potential issues and ensure the smooth functioning of your Galera Cluster.

Here are some key best practices to consider:

  1. Utilize a comprehensive monitoring tool: Choose a monitoring tool that provides real-time visibility into the performance metrics of your Galera Cluster. Look for features such as monitoring cluster status, node status, replication lag, CPU and memory usage, and disk I/O performance.
  2. Set up alerts and notifications: Configure alerts to receive notifications when specific thresholds are breached. This can help you proactively address issues and avoid potential downtime.
  3. Monitor cluster status and health: Regularly monitor the overall status and health of your Galera Cluster. Check for any node failures, network partitions, or synchronization issues between nodes.
  4. Monitor replication lag: Replication lag can impact the consistency of your data across nodes. Monitor replication lag closely to identify any anomalies and take necessary actions to minimize lag.
  5. Monitor resource utilization: Keep a track of CPU and memory usage on each node of the cluster. Monitor disk I/O performance to ensure that the storage system is not becoming a bottleneck.
  6. Monitor network latency: Network latency can affect the communication between nodes in the cluster. Monitor network latency to detect any abnormal spikes or prolonged delays.
  7. Regularly review logs and error messages: Check the Galera Cluster logs and error messages regularly to identify any potential issues or warnings. Address them promptly to maintain the integrity of your database.

By following these best practices, you can effectively monitor the performance of your Galera Cluster and mitigate any potential issues before they escalate into major problems.

METRIC NAMEDESCRIPTION
Cluster SizeThe number of nodes in the Galera Cluster
Cluster StatusThe current status of the Galera Cluster
Node StatusThe status of each individual node in the cluster
Cluster LatencyThe average latency between nodes in the Galera Cluster
Query ThroughputThe number of queries processed per second
Flow ControlThe number of flow control events that have occurred
IST/State SnapshotThe number of Incremental State Transfer/State Snapshot events
Commit WindowThe size of the Galera Cluster’s commit window
WSREP ReplicationThe status and lag of the WSREP replication process
CPU and Memory UsageThe CPU and memory usage of each node in the cluster

Troubleshooting common issues in Galera Cluster

When working with Galera Cluster for MySQL or MariaDB, it’s important to be prepared for potential issues that may arise. Troubleshooting common problems in Galera Cluster can be a complex task, requiring a deep understanding of the technology and its underlying mechanisms. In this article, we will explore some of the most common issues encountered in Galera Cluster and provide guidance on how to resolve them.

  1. Network Connectivity Problems

    One of the most common issues in Galera Cluster is related to network connectivity. This can manifest in various ways, such as nodes becoming unresponsive or disconnected from the cluster. To troubleshoot network connectivity problems, you should check the network configuration, firewall settings, and ensure all nodes can communicate with each other.

  2. SST Failure

    State Snapshot Transfer (SST) is a critical process in Galera Cluster that ensures new nodes can join the cluster and synchronize their data. SST failures can occur due to various reasons, such as insufficient disk space, network interruptions, or incompatible configurations. To troubleshoot SST failures, you can examine the error logs, check disk space availability, and verify the network connectivity between nodes.

  3. Schema Synchronization Issues

    In Galera Cluster, schema changes need to be synchronized across all nodes to maintain data consistency. However, schema synchronization issues can occur, leading to conflicts and errors. To troubleshoot schema synchronization problems, you can review the Galera Cluster logs, check for schema differences between nodes, and ensure that proper schema change procedures are followed.

  4. Performance Degradation

    Performance degradation can be a common issue in Galera Cluster, especially as the cluster grows in size or under heavy workload. Factors such as inefficient queries, resource limitations, or network bottlenecks can contribute to performance issues. To troubleshoot performance degradation, you should analyze the query execution plans, monitor resource utilization, and optimize database configurations.

  5. Data Conflicts

    Data conflicts can occur in Galera Cluster when concurrent write operations modify the same data on different nodes. Resolving data conflicts requires careful analysis and understanding of the data flow within the cluster. To troubleshoot data conflicts, you can review the Galera Cluster logs, analyze the conflict resolution mechanisms, and implement proper application design patterns to minimize conflicts.

In conclusion, troubleshooting common issues in Galera Cluster requires a combination of technical expertise, careful analysis, and understanding of the cluster’s inner workings. By addressing these common problems proactively and following best practices, you can ensure a stable and reliable Galera Cluster environment for your MySQL or MariaDB database.

ISSUEDESCRIPTIONPOSSIBLE CAUSESRECOMMENDED ACTIONS
Connection ErrorsClients are unable to connect to the Galera ClusterNetwork connectivity issues, firewall blocking connectionsCheck network configuration, ensure firewall rules allow connections
Node DisconnectionsNodes are frequently getting disconnected from the clusterNetwork instability, hardware issuesCheck network stability, investigate hardware problems
Slow PerformanceQueries are running slower than expected in the Galera ClusterHigh load, inefficient queries, lack of resourcesAnalyze query performance, optimize queries, allocate more resources if needed
Data ConflictsConflicts arise when attempting to write data to the clusterSimultaneous writes to same data, inconsistent data statesImplement proper conflict resolution strategies, use transactions appropriately
Disk Space ExhaustionDisk space is running out on one or more nodesLarge data volume, lack of disk space managementMonitor disk space usage, archive or delete unnecessary data, add more storage if needed
Cluster RecoveryCluster fails to recover after a node failureImproper configuration, corrupted dataCheck cluster configuration, restore data from backups if necessary
Replication LagReplication between nodes in the cluster is delayedNetwork latency, high load on nodesOptimize network settings, distribute load evenly among nodes
Schema SynchronizationSchema changes are not properly synchronized across the clusterIncorrect configuration, replication errorsVerify configuration settings, resolve replication issues
Undesired Node StateNode enters an undesired state, such as non-primaryConfiguration errors, network problemsReview configuration, check network connectivity
Backup and RestoreIssues related to backing up and restoring data in the clusterIncompatible backup tools, incorrect restore procedureUse compatible backup tools, follow proper restore procedures
Security ConcernsSecurity vulnerabilities or breaches in the Galera ClusterWeak authentication, improper access controlsImplement strong authentication mechanisms, tighten access controls
Monitoring and AlertingLack of proper monitoring and alerting for the Galera ClusterMissing monitoring tools, misconfigured alertsSet up monitoring tools, configure alerts for critical events
Upgrading the ClusterChallenges faced during the upgrade process of the Galera ClusterIncompatible software versions, improper upgrade procedureEnsure compatibility between versions, follow recommended upgrade steps
Locking and DeadlocksContention and deadlocks occurring in the Galera ClusterLong-running transactions, improper concurrency controlOptimize transactions, use proper concurrency control mechanisms
Cluster Health MonitoringMonitoring the overall health and performance of the Galera ClusterMissing monitoring tools, lack of performance metricsImplement comprehensive monitoring, collect relevant performance metrics

Ensuring high availability in Galera Cluster

Ensuring high availability in Galera Cluster is a crucial aspect of managing a MySQL or MariaDB database. Galera Cluster offers a powerful solution for achieving high availability by providing synchronous multi-master replication. By monitoring Galera Cluster, administrators can proactively identify any issues that may impact availability and take appropriate measures to ensure uninterrupted service.

To effectively monitor Galera Cluster, it is important to consider several key factors. First, monitoring the cluster’s overall health is essential. This involves monitoring the status of each node within the cluster to ensure they are all online and functioning properly. Additionally, monitoring the replication process between nodes is critical to identify any potential replication lag or conflicts.

Another aspect to consider is performance monitoring. Galera Cluster provides real-time insights into the performance of the database, allowing administrators to identify any bottlenecks or performance issues. By monitoring metrics such as CPU utilization, memory usage, and disk I/O, administrators can optimize the cluster’s performance and ensure smooth operations.

Furthermore, proactive monitoring of Galera Cluster can help detect and resolve issues before they cause downtime. By setting up alerts and notifications for specific events or thresholds, administrators can be notified immediately when an issue arises. This allows for prompt action to be taken to resolve the issue and minimize any impact on availability.

In addition to monitoring, regular testing and maintenance are essential to ensure high availability in Galera Cluster. Performing routine backups and testing the backup and restore processes can help safeguard against data loss and minimize downtime in the event of a failure.

In conclusion, monitoring Galera Cluster is vital for ensuring high availability in MySQL or MariaDB databases. By monitoring the cluster’s health, performance, and proactively addressing any issues, administrators can maintain a highly available and reliable database environment.

METRIC NAMEDESCRIPTION
Node StatusIndicates whether the Galera node is running or not.
Cluster SizeShows the current number of nodes in the Galera cluster.
WSREP ConnectedIndicates the number of connected nodes in the cluster.
WSREP ReadyShows the number of nodes that are ready for replication.
Flow Control PausedIndicates whether flow control is paused or not.
IST ReceiversShows the number of IST receivers in the cluster.
IST SendersIndicates the number of IST senders in the cluster.
SST ReceiversShows the number of SST receivers in the cluster.
SST SendersIndicates the number of SST senders in the cluster.
Quorum StateIndicates the current state of the quorum in the cluster.

Future trends in Galera Cluster monitoring

Future trends in Galera Cluster monitoring: Unveiling the mysterious world of real-time insights

With the ever-increasing need for high availability and scalability, Galera Cluster has become a popular solution for database clustering. However, monitoring Galera Cluster can be a challenge, especially when it comes to real-time insights. In this article, we will explore the future trends in Galera Cluster monitoring and how it can help you gain better visibility into your database environment.

Real-time monitoring: Real-time monitoring of Galera Cluster is becoming increasingly important as it allows you to detect and resolve issues before they impact your business. By monitoring performance metrics in real-time, you can identify issues such as slow queries, network latency, and node failures.

Automation: Automation is another important trend in Galera Cluster monitoring. With automation, you can automate common monitoring tasks such as node recovery and scaling. This reduces the need for manual intervention and ensures that your database environment is always up and running.

Anomaly detection: Anomaly detection is also becoming an important trend in Galera Cluster monitoring. By using machine learning algorithms, you can detect anomalies in your database environment and take proactive measures to prevent downtime.

Centralized monitoring: Centralized monitoring is essential for large-scale Galera Cluster deployments. By centralizing monitoring, you can gain a holistic view of your database environment and quickly identify issues that may impact your business.

Conclusion: In conclusion, real-time monitoring, automation, anomaly detection, and centralized monitoring are the future trends in Galera Cluster monitoring. Adopting these trends can help you gain better visibility into your database environment and ensure that your database environment is always up and running.

What is a Galera Cluster?

A Galera Cluster is a synchronous multi-master database cluster for MySQL and MariaDB.

Why should I monitor my Galera Cluster?

Monitoring a Galera Cluster is important to ensure its availability, performance, and to identify any potential issues or bottlenecks.

What are some common monitoring challenges for Galera Cluster?

Some common monitoring challenges for Galera Cluster include managing cluster state, monitoring replication lag, and identifying and resolving conflicts.

What are the key metrics to monitor in a Galera Cluster?

Some key metrics to monitor in a Galera Cluster include cluster status, node status, replication lag, query throughput, CPU and memory usage, and disk space.

What monitoring tools can I use for Galera Cluster?

There are several monitoring tools available for Galera Cluster, including Percona Monitoring and Management (PMM), Prometheus with the mysqld_exporter, and the Galera Cluster Monitor.

How can I monitor the health of individual nodes in a Galera Cluster?

You can monitor the health of individual nodes in a Galera Cluster by checking their status variables, such as wsrep_local_state_comment and wsrep_ready. Additionally, monitoring the node's resources like CPU, memory, and disk usage can help identify any performance issues.

What are some best practices for monitoring Galera Cluster?

Some best practices for monitoring Galera Cluster include setting up proactive alerts for critical metrics, regularly checking the cluster status and node status, monitoring replication lag, and maintaining a historical performance baseline for comparison.

How can I troubleshoot performance issues in a Galera Cluster?

To troubleshoot performance issues in a Galera Cluster, you can analyze the cluster status, review the logs for any errors or warnings, monitor resource usage, and consider load balancing or optimizing queries if needed.

Are there any specific considerations for monitoring a Galera Cluster in a production environment?

In a production environment, it is important to have a robust monitoring system in place that provides real-time alerts, monitors critical metrics continuously, and supports scalability. Additionally, regular backups and a disaster recovery plan are crucial for data protection.

Can I use the same monitoring tools for both MySQL and MariaDB Galera Clusters?

Yes, most of the monitoring tools that support Galera Cluster can be used for both MySQL and MariaDB Galera Clusters, as they share similar functionality and metrics.

In conclusion, monitoring a Galera cluster for MySQL or MariaDB is crucial for ensuring its performance, availability, and reliability. By implementing a comprehensive monitoring solution, administrators can proactively identify and address potential issues, such as node failures, network partitions, and performance bottlenecks. Monitoring tools help in tracking important metrics like cluster status, replication lag, node health, query throughput, and resource utilization. With real-time insights provided by monitoring, administrators can make informed decisions, optimize cluster performance, and ensure high availability of their database infrastructure.

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